Because of the unique nature of the Presidency, the President’s exercise of his official responsibilities may have personal ramifications, and vice versa. Indeed, as the Supreme Court has recognized, it is commonplace for a President’s speech and conduct to have dual roles—both an official and personal character. “The President is the only person who alone composes a branch of government. As a result, there is not always a clear line between his personal and official affairs.” Trump v. Mazars USA, LLP, 140 S. Ct. 2019, 2034 (2020). Thus, “for any President the line between official and personal can be both elusive and difficult to discern.” In re Lindsey, 158 F.3d 1263, 1286 (D.C. Cir. 1998) (Tatel, J., concurring in part and dissenting in part). “Because the Presidency is tied so tightly to the persona of its occupant, ... official matters ... often have personal implications for a President.” Id.
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