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The Beginning of the World from the Point of View of Quantum Theory. SIR ARTHUR EDDINGTON 1 states that, philosophic- ally, the notion of a beginning of the present order of Nature is repugnant to him. I would rather be in- clined to think that the present state of quantum theory suggests a beginning of the world very different from the present order of Nature. Thermodynamical principles from the point of view of quantum theory may be stated as follows : (1) Energy of constant total amount is distributed in discrete quanta. (2) The number of distinct quanta is ever increasing. If we go back in the course of time we must find fewer and fewer quanta, until we find all the energy of the universe packed in a few or even in a unique quantum.

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The Beginning of the World from the Point of View of Quantum Theory. SIR ARTHUR EDDINGTON 1 states that, philosophic- ally, the notion of a beginning of the present order of Nature is repugnant to him. I would rather be in- clined to think that the present state of quantum theory suggests a beginning of the world very different from the present order of Nature. Thermodynamical principles from the point of view of quantum theory may be stated as follows : (1) Energy of constant total amount is distributed in discrete quanta. (2) The number of distinct quanta is ever increasing. If we go back in the course of time we must find fewer and fewer quanta, until we find all the energy of the universe packed in a few or even in a unique quantum.
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Robert McNees (mcnees@mastodon.social)'s status on Monday, 17-Jul-2023 15:57:45 UTC Robert McNees
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In 1931, Lemaître pursued a radical line of thought. He ran the clock of his expanding Universe model backwards and concluded that there must be some sort of beginning.
This would be an extremely dense and energetic phase which he described as "very different from the present order of Nature."
In a short letter published in Nature, Lemaître used the terms “unique quantum" and "unique atom” to refer to this hypothetical early state.
His letter is available here: https://www.nature.com/articles/127706b0.pdf

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