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Notices by NiftyNeuro (frontiershumanneuro@scholar.social)

  1. NiftyNeuro (frontiershumanneuro@scholar.social)'s status on Wednesday, 30-Mar-2022 12:03:13 UTC NiftyNeuro NiftyNeuro

    #science How we produce language reliably is tricky enough, but how do people who are fluent in multiple languages keep them straight? This paper from 2016 compared neural activity in individuals fluent in both a spoken and sign language. The anterior cingulate (ACC) is an area that is very involved in error monitoring, task switching, goal maintenance, and similar processes; and in these tasks, it was specific for whichever language they had to respond in. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00616/full

    In conversation Wednesday, 30-Mar-2022 12:03:13 UTC from scholar.social permalink

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    1. Functional Connectivity Reveals Which Language the “Control Regions” Control during Bilingual Production
      Bilingual studies have revealed critical roles for the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and the left caudate nucleus (Lcaudate) in controlling language processing, but how these regions manage activation of a bilingual’s two languages remains an open question. We addressed this question by identifying the functional connectivity (FC) of these control regions during a picture-naming task by bimodal bilinguals who were fluent in both a spoken and a signed language. To quantify language control processes, we measured the FC of the dACC and Lcaudate with a region specific to each language modality: left superior temporal gyrus (LSTG) for speech and left pre/postcentral gyrus (LPCG) for sign. Picture-naming occurred in either a single- or dual-language context. The results showed that in a single-language context, the dACC exhibited increased FC with the target language region, but not with the non-target language region. During the dual-language context when both languages were alternately the target language, the dACC showed strong FC to the LPCG, the region specific to the less proficient (signed) language. By contrast, the Lcaudate revealed a strong connectivity to the LPCG in the single-language context and to the LSTG (the region specific to spoken language) in the dual-language context. Our findings suggest that the dACC monitors and supports the processing of the target language, and that the Lcaudate controls the selection of the less accessible language. The re...
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